Programación basada en comandos

Esta secuencia de artículos sirve como introducción y referencia para el marco basado en comandos WPILib.

Para obtener una colección de proyectos de ejemplo que utilizan el marco basado en comandos, consulte Ejemplos basados en comandos.

Passing Functions As Parameters

In order to provide a concise inline syntax, the command-based library often accepts functions as parameters of constructors, factories, and decorators. Fortunately, both Java and C++ offer users the ability to pass functions as objects:

Method References (Java)

In Java, a reference to a function that can be passed as a parameter is called a method reference. The general syntax for a method reference is object::method or Class::staticMethod. Note that no method parameters are included, since the method itself is passed. The method is not being called - it is being passed to another piece of code (in this case, a command) so that that code can call it when needed. For further information on method references, see Method References.

Lambda Expressions (Java)

While method references work well for passing a function that has already been written, often it is inconvenient/wasteful to write a function solely for the purpose of sending as a method reference, if that function will never be used elsewhere. To avoid this, Java also supports a feature called «lambda expressions.» A lambda expression is an inline method definition - it allows a function to be defined inside of a parameter list. For specifics on how to write Java lambda expressions, see Lambda Expressions in Java.

Lambda Expressions (C++)

Advertencia

Due to complications in C++ semantics, capturing this in a C++ lambda can cause a null pointer exception if done from a component command of a command composition. Whenever possible, C++ users should capture relevant command members explicitly and by value. For more details, see here.

C++ lacks a close equivalent to Java method references - pointers to member functions are generally not directly usable as parameters due to the presence of the implicit this parameter. However, C++ does offer lambda expressions - in addition, the lambda expressions offered by C++ are in many ways more powerful than those in Java. For specifics on how to write C++ lambda expressions, see Lambda Expressions in C++.